Conference 2020 Credit Cycle in Bulgaria after COVID 19
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 has dramatically affected about every aspect of the economy. The credit cycle transforms from the record long benign to a stressed one. This paper seeks the access to credit from before the unexpected global health crisis to its immediate and extended impact and the performance of several key indicators of the nature of credit cycles. The focus is on the non-financial corporate credit market. At the end of 2019 the firms increased their debt to take advantage of record low interest rates. After the unexpected global health crisis the conditions on the credit market deeply changed. From one site, credit has been used by governments as instrument for recovery of economy and it could be expanded the volume of credit. By the balance sheet transmission mechanism, credit uses usually as tool to ensure the balance between in- and out-flows in the firms during the financial crises. From other site, during the pandemic time, the demand of credit increases, but not due to effective new projects. The higher demand depends on these two reasons above, raises the price of borrow money. It is change the position of the non-financial companies at credit market and credit cycle goes to new stage.
References
National Statistic, 2005-2020, Sofia, available: www.nsi.bg
Assenova, Kamelia, (2009), Lending in Bulgaria - how and how many, University Publishing House "Stopanstvo", Sofia
Assenova, Kamelia, (2018), Credit cycle in Bulgaria, Journal Transitional studies Review, Vol. 25,N 1, 13-24
Assenova, Kamelia(2019), Easy Birds or Sluggish Bears – Credit Boom or Restriction? Credit cycle – evidence from Central and Eastern Europe, Journal Global policy and Governance, (8),45-53
Aydin Burcu, (2008), Banking Structure and Credit Growth in Central and Eastern Europe Countries, IMF Working Paper 08/215, Washington D.C., IMF
Bernanke, Ben and Alan Blinder, (1990), The Federal Funds Rate and the Channels of Monetary Transmissions, NBER
Bakker, Bas, B. and Anne – Marie Gulde, (2010), The credit Boom in the EU New Member States: Bad Luck or bad Policies?, , IMF Working Paper 10/130, Washington D.C., IMF
Bonin, John, Iftekhar Hasan and Paul Wachtel, (2005), Bank Performance, Efficiency and Ownership in Transition Countries, Journal of Banking and Finance, 29, 31-53
Brown, Martin, Steven Ongena, Alexander Popov and Pinar Yesin, (2012), Who need Credit and Who Gets Credit in Eastern Europe, ECB Working Paper 1421
Claessens, Stijn, Asli Demirguc – Kunt and Harry Huizinga, (2001), How does Foreign Entry Affect Domestic Banking Markets?, Journal of Banking and Finance, 25, 891 – 911
Cottarelly, Carlo Giovanni Dell Ariccia and Ivanna Vladkova – Hollar, (2003), Early Birds, Late risers and Sleeping Beauties: Bank Credit Growth to Private Sector in Central and Eastern Europe and the Balkans, IMF Working Paper 03/213, Washington D.C., IMF
De Haas, Ralph and Iman Van Lelyveld, (2006), Foreign Banks and Credit Stability in Central and eastern Europe: A Panel data Analysis, Journal of Banking and Finance, 30, 1927 -1952
Degryse, Hans , Olena Havrylchyk, Emilia Jurzuk and Sylwester Kozak, (2009), Foreign Bank Entry and Credit Allocation in Emerging Markets, IMF Working Paper 09/270, Washington D.C., IMF
Eichengreen, Barry and Katharina Steiner, (2008), Is Poland the Risk of a Boom – and Bust Cycle in the Run – Up to Euro Adoption?, NBER, Working Paper, 14438
Enoch, Charles and Inci Otker – Robe, (2007), Rapid Credit Growth in Central and Eastern Europe: Endless Boom or Early Warning?, IMF, Palgrave Macmillan, April
International Monetary Fund, (2013), Financing Future Growth: the Evolving Role of Banking System in CESEE, Regional Economic Issues, April 2013, Washington D.C., IMF
Kirchgeassner, Gebhard and Marsel Savioz (2001), "Monetary Policy and Prognoses for GDP Growth: An Empirical Investigation for the Federal Republic of Germany", German Economic Review, Vol. 2, Issue 4
Mendoza, Enrique and Marco Terrones, (2012), An Anatomy of Credit Boom and Their Demise, NBER, Working Paper N 18379
Romer, David, (1999), "Short Run Fluctuations", University of California
Temple, J.,(1999). The New Growth Evidence. Journal of Economic Literature 37 (1), 112- 156.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
By submitting a paper for publishing the authors hereby comply with the following provisions: 1. The authors retain the copyrights and only give the journal the right for first publication while licensing the work under Creative Commons Attribution License, which grants permissions to others to share the contribution citing this journal as first publication of the text. 2. The authors may enter separate, additional contractual relations for non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work in this journal (e.g. to upload it in an institutional depository, or to be published in a book), given that they cite the first publication in this journal. 3. The authors are allowed and are encouraged to publish their works online (e.g. to upload it in an institutional depository, personal websites, social networks, etc.) before, during, and after the submission of the paper here, because this may lead to productive exchange, as well as earlier and larger referencing of the published works (see The Effect of Open Access).